• General

• Mexico

• Central America

• West Indies

• South America

General:

• Cities. 'Paisajes Urbanos de América y Filipinas' (illustrated with sample, low res. urban plans of North, Central and South America, the Antilles and the Philippines from the Archivo General de Indias de Sevilla, Sección de Mapas y Planos) {November, 2005}
• 'Early maps from the Benson Latin American Collection depicting Mexico, South America, and the Caribbean' (33 high res. maps - University of Texas at Austin) {March, 2004}
• 'Late 19th- and Early 20th-Century Latin American Cities' (a selection, zoomable to high res. - University of Chicago Library) {March, 2008}
• Latin America. 'Biblioteca Digital Hispánica. Mapas de América' (clicking on either 'Mapas' or 'Mapas de América' leads to catalogue entries for 8,767 maps, most of which have accompanying scans enlargeable to medium res.; to change language, click first on 'Lenguas' (top right); for BDH homepage see here - Biblioteca Nacional de España) {February, 2009; updated October 2011}
• Latin America. 'A Journey Through Latin American Maps from the Columbian Encounter to the Present' (a number of maps from various sources in high res., with a very good list of relevant links, prepared by Jordana Dym & Karl Offen in connection with the 2011 University of Chicago Press volume they edited, Mapping Latin America: a Cartographic Reader) {October, 2011}
• 'The Luso-Hispanic World in Maps: A Selective Guide to Manuscript Maps to 1900 in the Collections of the Library of Congress' by John R. Hébert and Anthony P. Mullan (descriptions of 1011 maps); see also Selections from 'The Luso-Hispanic World in Maps' (MrSID maps, with descriptions)
  
• New World Maps & Site Plans (a few, medium res. images, both originals and reconstructions - Athena Publications Inc.) {April, 2001}

• Mexico. 'Antonio García Cubas and His Remarkable Atlas of Mexico' (about the Atlas pintoresco é histórico de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, a richly illustrated atlas of 1885, a post on the Library of Congress map blog by Tim St. Onge, 7 March 2024) {August, 2024}
• Mexico. Aztec. ‘The Codex Quetzalecatzin’ (brief commentary and an image enlargeable to high res.; Library of Congress) {August, 2018}
• Mexico. Aztec. ‘The Codex Quetzalecatzin comes to the Library of Congress’ (a Nahuatl codex relating a family’s land holdings, 1570-95 - John Hessler for the Library of Congress Maps Blog, 21 November 2017) {November, 2017}
• Mexico. 'Color image map : [ports of entry, United States-Mexican border] / produced by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Department of the Treasury, U.S. Customs Service' (6 sheets of the 300+ series, 1979-, with the remainder to follow, high res. JPEG2000 images - Library of Congress) {September, 2007}
• Mexico. A Handbook of Mexico (1919) (high res. maps and plans from the work published by the British Naval Intelligence Division - Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection) {February, 2005}
• Mexico. 'Mapa de México 1550' (a digital facsimile, zoomable (via small details) to high res. , of a detailed 2-sheet MS map of Mexico City, attributed to Alonso de Santa Cruz, held by Uppsala University Library, Sweden; there is a search feature and you can add your own annotation) {June, 2006}
• Mexico. 'Mapas indígenas novohispanos bajo resguardo del Archivo General de la Nación. 1539-1764' (67 images enlargeable to high res. - Biblioteca Digital Mexicana) {November, 2015}
• Mexico. 'Mapas, Planos e Ilustraciones' (an over-elaborate, and hence slow, site; once its visual introduction has ended select, e.g. 'estados' and then click successively on the + to the left to find scans, enlargeable to high res. for 530 maps? (out of an intended total of 4,975?); if there is an image this will be indicated by the button 'Ver Imágen (es)' - Archivo General de la Nación, Mexico) {June, 2011}
• Mexico. ‘Mapping Non-European Visions of the World’ (an illustrated note by Lydia Pyne about 16th-century maps drawn by Indigenous artists for the Spanish administrators – Hyperallergic.com, 14 August 2019) {August, 2019}
• Mexico. ‘Relaciones Geográficas of Mexico and Guatemala’ (81 maps, from the Benson Latin American Collection of 16th-century Relaciones Geográficas, enlargeable to high res. - University of Texas at Austin ) {February, 2022}
• Mexico. 'Robert E. Lee Mexican War Maps' (an online exhibit with a scrolling slide-show of 56 images, relating to 30 MS maps, most used by Lee during the Mexican War (1846-8) - Virginia Military Institute Archives) {November, 2009}
• Mexico. 'Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps - Mexico' (high res. images of 33 sheets (1893-1921), from the Dolph Briscoe Center for American History at The University of Texas at Austin, supplemented from the Library of Congress - Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection) {February, 2011}
• Mixtec. 'El Mapa de Teozacoalco: An Early Colonial Guide to Cultural Transformations' (an archaeological report, with bibliography, focussing on the map "drawn about 1580 using conventions of both European map-making and Mixtec codex-painting" (which is shown in medium res.), preserved in the Benson Latin American Collection, University of Texas at Austin - Stephen L. Whittington. 2002/03) {June, 2008}
• Also check the General section

• Guatemala. ‘Relaciones Geográficas of Mexico and Guatemala’ (81 maps, from the Benson Latin American Collection of 16th-century Relaciones Geográficas, enlargeable to high res. - University of Texas at Austin) {February, 2022}
• + Panama Canal. 'The Land Divided, the World United: Building the Panama Canal. Maps and Blueprints' (online exhibition at the Linda Hall Library, Kansas City) {February, 2016}
• + Panama Canal (four enlargeable maps in an online exhibit at the George A Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, celebrating the canal’s opening on 15 August 2014) {June, 2016}
• Panama. 'Maps' (a selection of medium res. maps covering the route of the Panama Railroad) {July, 2005}
• Also check the General section

• Antigua. ‘Historical maps of Antigua’ (23 maps from the 18th to 20th centuries, enlargeable to high res., by Susan Lowes, November, 2018) {March, 2020}
• Barbados. ‘The Printed Maps of Barbados 1500 – 1900’ (a fully illustrated carto-bibliography brought together by Jim Webster, based on the work of E. M. Shilstone, Tony Campbell and Alan Moss; additions and corrections are invited - 18 February 2020). See also a YouTube video featuring 50 of the maps; the images can be paused {March, 2020}
• Caribbean. 'Online Guide to Early Map Images of the Caribbean' (a detailed and very thorough analysis, down to single image level, of sites offering such images of the West Indies as a whole and of the separate islands - Research Institute for the Study of Man (RISM), Library for Caribbean Research) {December, 2003}
• 'Caribbean views: the full collection' (a search for 'map' brought up a selection, enlargeable via the 'Interactive zoomable' option to very high res. - British Library Online Gallery) {August, 2009}
• 'Caribmap: a cartographic history of the West Indies' (high res. maps and enlarged details of the separate islands - Blair Hedges) {November, 2001}
• 'Description géographique des isles Antilles possédées par les Anglois' (the 23 illustrations from the 1758 work by J.N. Bellin, apparently zoomable to high res. - Bibliothèque nationale de France) {April, 2010}
• Dutch Antilles and Surinam. Royal Tropical Institute [Het Koninklijk instituut voor de Tropen (KIT)]) (note that the large historical map collection of the former Dutch colonies (broadly, the Dutch East Indies, the Dutch Antilles and Surinam), 1850-1950, is likely to be absorbed in future into the general digital collection of the University Library, Leiden){November, 2017}
• West Indies. ’Map Collection. Historical Maps (1525-1850)’ (about 500 maps, 1525-1850, enlargeable to high res., ranging across South America, the Antilles and Iberia - Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut, Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Berlin) {August, 2017}
• West Indies. ’North American Atlases’ (a chronological list of atlases of America, North America, the United States, separate US states or parts of them, and the West Indies, whose contents can be found, in high res., on the David Rumsey Map Collection site [for further details about this site see Large general sites]) {May, 2004}
• West Indies. 'A research collection of historical maps and prints of the Caribbean Islands. Part 1: photographic prints, photocopies and facsimiles' (material collected by William C. Found; see the 90-page description of the 141 maps (with thumbnails) and hints on ordering images from the libraries concerned - York University, Toronto) {February, 2012}

---

• Cuba. ‘Columbus and the Idea of Cuba’ (a blog post by J.S. Tennant illustrated with MS maps from the early 16th century – British Library American Collections blog, 30 July 2021) {August, 2021}
• Cuba. 'The World of 1898: the Spanish-American War' (clicking on 'Maps' leads to selections for Cuba, the Philippines and Puerto Rico, which in turn lead to map descriptions and high res. MrSID images from the Library of Congress 'American Memory Collection') {January, 2004}
• Cuba (7 low res. maps and details showing Cuba - Biblioteca Nacional "José Martí", Cuba) {November, 2001}
• Jamaica. 'Maps of Jamaica by James Robertson, 1804' (a general map and the three counties, enlargeable to high res. - National Library of Scotland) {July, 2015}
• Jamaica. ‘Maps of Jamaica in the K.Top. Collection’ (Chantelle Richardson, an illustrated post for the British Library Maps and views blog, 26 October 2020) {November, 2020}
• Jamaica. ‘Port Royal Maps’ (seven maps and details (pre-1692, originals and reconstructions) in medium res. - Donny L. Hamilton) {December, 2004}
• Martinique. 'La Martinique à la carte...' (medium res. images of selected maps, with details for the island and its surrounding area (sometimes in high res.), all set into an historical and cartographical commentary, including notes on the cartographers involved - Didier Lampin [site due to be completed in June 2003]) {February, 2003}
• Puerto Rico. 'The World of 1898: the Spanish-American War' (clicking on 'Maps' leads to selections for Cuba, the Philippines and Puerto Rico, which in turn lead to map descriptions and high res. MrSID images from the Library of Congress 'American Memory Collection') {January, 2004}
• St. Croix. 'Historical Geography of St. Croix, U. S. Virgin Islands (formerly the Danish West Indies)' ('a collaborative Internet project initiated in 1997', including "An illustrated essay on the 18th-century mapping of St. Croix" - Christopher Tabor and Daniel Hopkins) {September, 2003}
• Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic - 'Santiago 1863-1988' (includes four high res. plans, 1863-1988 - Periferia: Internet Resources for Architecture and Urban Design in the Caribbean; Architectural Resources Network) {May, 2005}
• Virgin Islands. St Thomas. ‘300 jaar geleden verscheen de eerste kaart van Sint Thomas’ (an illustrated article by Peter van der Krogt of the island, first settled by the Dutch in 1657 and later acquired by the US in 1917 – blog of the Allard Pierson Museum and Bijzondere Collecties, June 2019) {June, 2019}
• Also check the General section

• 'South American Atlases (1827-1888)' (six works, captured in their entirety, and enlargeable to high res., arranged in chronological order - David Rumsey Collection) {March, 2010}
• South America. 'The Archive of Early American Images' (follow the access instructions [memorising the login and password], then search in one of various ways; selecting Subject: 'Geography, maps, city views and plans' produced 774 hits [at the launch in May 2005]; maximise the new window and then enlarge by stages to very high res.; providing access to early and important maps from the major research library for early Americana; but a slow-moving and awkward site - John Carter Brown Library) {May, 2005}
• South America. 'Cosmografías americanas. La imagen de América en la cartografía europea de los siglos XVI y XVII' (64 maps of America, North America, South America, and various regions of America; to bring up a slow-loading, high res. pdf image, click 'Haga clic aquí con el botón derecho' [clicking on the thumbnail brings up a medium res. version] - Memoria Chilena) {January, 2006}
• South America. 'Imperios, censura y rivalidad en la circulación de mapas y conocimientos geográficos' (notes, with medium res. scans, on aspects of maps of South America with a focus on Colombia - Huellas Digitales, Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia) {August, 2010}
• South America. 'Mapas de América' (27(?) maps, enlargeable to high res. - Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia) {July, 2013}
• South America. ’Map Collection. Historical Maps (1525-1850)’ (about 500 maps, 1525-1850, enlargeable to high res., ranging across South America, the Antilles and Iberia - Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut, Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Berlin) {August, 2017}
• South America. 'Projeto mapas históricos' (a small selection of maps in medium or high res. - BrazilGenWeb, 2001) {July, 2005}

---

• Argentina. 'Biblioteca Virtual Pedro de Angelis' (1784-1859) (click on 'Exposición' for a small selection of high res. scans - a joint project: Fundação Biblioteca Nacional [Brazil] & Biblioteca Nacional de la República Argentina) {November, 2011}
• Brazil. Biblioteca Nacional Digital do Brazil (a search ['Palavra chave'] for 'mapas' found 1,184, offered in a variety of digital formats, apparently in high res. ) {October, 2011}
• Brazil. 'Cartas, Plantas, Esboços e Projectos: Cartografia Militar Portuguesa dos Séc. XVIII a XX' (you can search in English, Portuguese or Spanish [select from 'língua' and then click on 'Base bibliográfica geral'] for about 12,000 full descriptions [mostly of cartographic items in Portuguese and of Portugal but with others relating to Spain (particularly the frontier areas), Brazil, the African possessions, etc.] nearly all of which have at least one low to medium res. image [if there is an image, the final line in the entry will read: 'clique para visualizar o documento'; there are about 13,500 in total]; there is no geographical index but you can enter a place-name (in its Portuguese form) under 'Word/Palavra' ['Brasil' found 92 items, 'Brazil' 18] - Projecto SIDCARTA, Direcção dos Serviços de Engenharia) {April, 2006}
• Brazil. ‘Mapas de Santos’ (35 plans and map details [in varying resolutions]; the MSS are shown without acknowledgement of source; a similar page includes a small selection for Cubatão, São Paulo, etc. - Carlos Pimentel Mendes) {December,2004}
• + 'Brazil: A Quincentenary Exhibit' (a few low res. maps (without index) - University of South Carolina, 2000) {May, 2002}
• Brazil – Rio de Janeiro. ‘imagineRio’ (a Rice University mapping project to illustrate the city’s social and urban evolution; move the vertical white slider along for a different date; for commentary see ’A Digital Dive Into Rio de Janeiro's Past’ by Tanvi Misra, Atlantic CityLab, 16 May 2016) {May, 2016}
• Brazil - Rio de Janeiro. ‘Olympic City: Rio de Janeiro in Historical Maps’ (note by Tim St. Onge, illustrated with six details - Library of Congress blog, 28 July 2016) {July, 2016}
• Brazil. 'United States and Brazil: Expanding Frontiers, Comparing Cultures' (in English and Portuguese; select Maps for 48 high res. MrSID images of Brazil and surrounding countries from the Library of Congress and four from the National Library of Brazil [though a search for 'map' found 59 items]) {May, 2005}
• Brazil. ‘Where Pirates and Cannibals Meet: Exploring Colonial Dutch Brazil’ (18 medium res. maps with enlarged detail and description - Harvard Map Collection exhibition 2015-16) {August, 2017}
• Brazil 'WIC kaarten' (8 MS charts and panoramas from the Dutch West India Company, most by Johannes Vingboons, enlargeable to very high res. - Nationaal Archief, The Hague) {March, 2012}
• Chile. 'Cosmografías americanas. La imagen de América en la cartografía europea de los siglos XVI y XVII' (64 maps of America, North America, South America, and various regions of America; to bring up a slow-loading, high res. pdf image, click 'Haga clic aquí con el botón derecho' [clicking on the thumbnail brings up a medium res. version] - Memoria Chilena) {January, 2006}
• + Colombia. 'Ensamblando la Nación: cartografía y política en la historia de Colombia' (a highly sophisticated presentation of integrated text with high res., but slow-loading, illustrations, with a separate link to the 109-page Catalogue - at the Casa de la Moneda del Banco de la República, Bogotá, August-December 2010, organised by Razón Cartográfica) {September, 2010}
• + Colombia. ‘Geografía y cartografía: el control del territorio y la formación de una nación’ (virtual exhibition organized at the Biblioteca Nacional by Sebastián Díaz Ángel and Juan Carlos Lara [2016?]) {January, 2017}
• Colombia. 'Mapas de Colombia' (about 60 maps, enlargeable to high res. - Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia) {July, 2013}
• Colombia. 'Proyecto de Archivo Digital Vergara y Velasco' (a project to mount on the web the complete geographical and cartographical works of the Colombian geographer, cartographer and historian, Francisco Javier Vergara y Velasco (1860-1914), including 150 medium res. map scans in each of the Nueva geografía de Colombia (1901) and Atlas completo de geografía colombiana (1906-10) - David Ramirez. NB requires registration (January 2018)) {July, 2008}
• + Colombia - Bogotá. 'Historical cartography (a virtual exhibition comprising four maps, 1894-1935, discussed and overlaid on georeferenced satellite images via Google Earth - part of 'The City's Currents: A History of Water in 20th-Century Bogotá' by Stefania Gallini, Laura Felacio, Angélica Agredo, and Stephanie Garcés) {January, 2016}
• Colombia - Cartagena. 'Los mapas de Cartagena' (six medium res. plans - Huellas Digitales, Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia) {August, 2010}
• Galápagos Islands: history and cartography (medium res. images - John Woram)
• Galápagos Islands. 'The year of the tortoise: dating the maps of the Galápagos Islands' (an article, illustrated by low res. maps, by John Woram) {May, 2001}
• Peru. 'Original Unpublished Collection of Maps Relating to the Episcopate of Peru; Portraits of Archbishops, Viceroys, and Other Characters of Peru in Color and Gold; City Plans; Tables on Indigenous Languages: The Codex Trujillo del Perú. Volume I' (by Baltasar Jaime Martínez Compañón, c.1782-9 - National Library of Colombia; for access click the 'PDF 150.6 MB' link beneath the map [not examined because of long loading time]) {March, 2013}
• Peru. 'Planos de Lima 1613-1983' (a historical note (1983) and a selection of low res. plans - Juan Gunter Doering) {October, 2011}
• + Straits of Magellan. 'Strait Through: Magellan to Cook & the Pacific' (a well-illustrated ( very high res.) online exhibition [shown to the public July 2010-January 2011), with sections on the Straits of Magellan, Pacific Ocean, Spice Islands (Moluccas) and ten Explorers, covering the period 1520s to 1770s - curated by John Delaney, Department of Rare Books and Special Collections, Princeton University Library) {July, 2010}
• Surinam (maps, zoomable to very high res. (after selecting a detail), covering the former Dutch colonies (broadly, the Dutch East Indies, the Dutch Antilles and Surinam), 1850-1950, searchable via the library catalogue [there is no geographical index]; alternatively, use the viewer to search on geographical location [click on the magnifying glass] - Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam [Het Koninklijk instituut voor de Tropen (KIT)]) {January, 2006}
• 'Suriname 1599-1975' to find a known place, select 'Blader door de indexen' and then 'Plaats'; although there is a 'Kaarten' link, it seems that to find a browsing list of maps you need to select instead 'Zoek in de collectie', entering kaart into the first box and choosing 'Type origineel' in the second, which finds 147 maps, enlargeable to medium res. - Bibliotheek van de Universiteit van Amsterdam) {February, 2006}
• 'Surinam in kaart gebracht' (apparently four medium res. maps; alternatively search the main site for 'surinam kaart' - Universiteitsbibliotheek van de Universiteit van Amsterdam, Het Geheugen van Nederland) {November, 2005}
• Surinam. 'Oude Kaarten' (14 low to medium res. maps, 1640-1877) {October, 2003}
• Venezuela. 'Atlas físico y político de la República de Venezuela' (by Agustín Codazzi, [1840?]; very slow-loading, apparently enlargeable images - Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra) {November, 2002}
• Also check the General section

      + online exhibitions